Advanced Glycation End Product Formation Pathways. CML = N-epsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine. GOLD = glyoxal-derived lysine dimer. CEL = N-epsilon-(1-carboxyethyl)lysine. MOLD = methylglyoxal-derived lysine dimer. DOLD = 3-deoxyglucosone-derived lysine dimer. 3-DG = 3-deoxyglucosone.